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spend的主语通常是人,往往用于以下句型: 1. (sb) spend some money/some time on sth. 2. (sb)spend some money/some time(in)doing sth. 例如: I spent fifty yuan on the coat. = I spent fifty yuan (in) buying the coat. 我花50元买了这件大衣。 He spent three days on the work. = He spend three days (in) doing the work. 我干这项工作用了3天。 3.spend money for sth. 花钱买……。 例如:His money was1 spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。 take常用于“占用、花费”时间,后面常跟双宾语,其主语通常为形式主语“it”或物。句式是: 1. It takes/took2 sb.some time to do sth 例如:It will take me two days to do the work. 这项工作花了2天时间。 2. Doing sth./Sth.takes sb.some time. 例如: The work will take me two days.这项工作花了2天时间。 Repairing3 this car took him the whole4 afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。 It took me three years to draw the beautiful horses. =Drawing the beautiful horses took me three years. 画这些漂亮的马花费了我3年时间。 pay5为“付款、赔偿”之意,主语通常是人,句型 1. sb. pays6 some money for sth 例如: I paid7 fifty yuan for the coat.我花50元买了这件大衣。 2. pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买……。 例如:I have to pay them 20 pounds8 for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。 3. pay money back 还钱。 例如:May I borrow9 12 yuan from you? I'll pay it back next week. 你能借给我12块钱吗?下周还你。 4. pay off10 one's money 还清钱。 cost11的主语是物或某种活动, 还可以表示“值”。句型 1. sth. costs12 (sb.) +money, 某物花了(某人)多少钱。 例如:A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。 2. (doing) sth. costs (sb.) +time, 某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间。 例如:Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。 注意:cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。 点击收听单词发音
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