受雷曼兄弟申请破产保护，美林同意出售给美国银行等消息影响，市场信心大受打击，尽管美联储以及各国央行此后纷纷采取紧急措施稳定市场，但投资者仍纷纷卖出金融类股票，引发本周一全球股市暴跌，国际油价遭受重挫。

Asian and European stock markets were down sharply Monday amid growing alarm over the world's financial system after a seismic¹ shake-up on Wall Street, with Lehman Brothers saying it would file bankruptcy² and Merrill Lynch being sold to Bank of America.

In Europe, the FTSE index was down 2.72 percent in London, the Paris CAC-40 was off 3.52 percent and Germany's DAX 30 index of blue chips sagged³ 2.99 percent.

The dollar sank against euro, which rose to US$1.4299 from US$1.4215 late Friday in New York. The pound rose against the dollar, to US$1.8052 from US$1.7937.

Asia's biggest stock exchanges in Japan, Hong Kong and South Korea were closed for holidays, but every market open was deep in the red. India's Sensex tumbled 5.4 percent, Taiwan's benchmark plummeted⁴ 4.1 percent, Australia's key index was down 2 percent and Singapore dropped 2.9 percent.

The declines came as Wall Street and the US government took a series of steps aimed at bringing an end to the credit crisis that has roiled⁵ the global financial system for more than a year.

Troubled US investment bank Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. announced it would file for bankruptcy after prospective⁶ buyers, including Barclays PLC, backed away from a deal over the weekend. Also, Bank of American Corp. said in a statement early Monday that it would acquire Merrill Lynch & Co. in an all-stock transaction worth about US$50 billion.

Additionally, giant US insurance company American International Group Inc. said Sunday it was discussing options with outside parties to improve its business. The Wall Street Journal said on its website Sunday that AIG may announce a turnaround plan Monday that would involve selling assets such as its aircraft leasing business.

A global consortium of banks, meanwhile, announced late Sunday a US$70 billion pool of funds to lend to ailing⁷ financial companies, a move geared toward preventing a worldwide panic on stock and other financial exchanges. The US Federal Reserve chipped in with more largesse⁸ in its emergency lending program for investment banks.

The shake-up was needed to restore confidence in the markets, said Lorraine Tan, director at Standard & Poor's equity⁹ research in Singapore.

"A lot of people are getting burned," she said. "It's better to get this out of the system. Hopefully for the US this could be it as far as potential failures of investment banks."

Investors¹⁰ fearful that the financial distress¹¹ could spread to Asia to sent regional bank stocks plunging¹².

Macquarie Group Ltd., Australia's largest investment bank, plummeted 9.6 percent. In Taiwan, Shin Kong Financial Holding lost 6.9 percent.

US stock index futures¹³ were down sharply, suggesting that shares would drop when trading opened in New York Monday morning. The Dow Jones industrial average futures index was down 2.6 percent.

The dollar was also down sharply, falling to 105.69 yen¹⁴ from 107.92 yen late Friday. The euro jumped to US$1.4432 from US$1.4229 Friday.

Oil fell below $100 a barrel in Asian electronic trading after Hurricane Ike inflicted¹⁵ minimal¹⁶ damage to oil installations on the Texas coast. Light, sweet crude for October delivery declined US$2.10 to US$99.08 a barrel.

On Friday, the contract slipped to US$99.99 per barrel briefly¹⁷ before closing at US$101.18. The last time Nymex crude had traded below the $100 mark was April 2.

Vocabulary:

file for bankruptcy: 申请破产保护（按照美国《破产法》第十一章规定，不管债务人是否有偿付能力，当债务人自愿向法院提出或债权人强制向法院提出破产重组申请后，债务人要提出一个破产重组方案，就债务偿还的期限、方式以及可能减损某些债权人和股东的利益作出安排。）

consortium: 财团