Sharing needles can spread blood-borne diseases like HIV and hepatitis C（丙型肝炎）.

 

Nice is updating its advice for England and Wales accordingly.

 

The guidelines, which are out for public consultation⁵, aim to encourage people to use sterile⁶（无菌的） needle and syringe（注射器） programmes to stem the spread of infections.

 

 

Most blood-borne diseases occur among people who inject drugs like heroin⁸ and anabolic steroids.

 

But NICE says people seeking out cosmetic⁹ fixes are also at risk.

 

A spokeswoman said: "We are seeing an increasing issue with drugs that are used for vanity（虚荣心，浮华） purposes."

 

This includes the anti-wrinkle treatment Botox, dermal fillers and tanning agents.

 

Prof Mike Kelly, Director of the NICE Centre for Public Health Excellence, said: "Since we last published our guidance on needle and syringe programmes in 2009, we've seen an increase in the use of performance-and-image-enhancing drugs such as anabolic steroids, Botox, tanning agents and the use of dermal（皮肤的） fillers like collagen.

 

"We've also heard anecdotal evidence that more teenagers are injecting these performance-and-image-enhancing drugs too.

 

"We're updating our guidance - and our public consultation on the draft update is an important part of this process - to make sure all of these groups of people are considered in the planning and delivery of needle and syringe programmes."

 

One of the recommendations proposed in the new guidelines is that local councils consider providing sharps boxes for people to dispose of used needles and syringes.

 

Rajiv Grover, consultant¹⁰ plastic surgeon and president of the British Association of Aesthetic¹¹ Plastic Surgeons (BAAPS), said: "Due to the lack of regulation in the cosmetic sector¹² it is impossible to know how many patients could be at risk of blood borne diseases from needle sharing with either Botox or fillers.

 

"These should be considered medical procedures and BAAPS has campaigned for over a decade to have this field of non-surgical cosmetic treatments tightly regulated. The dangers of sharing needles in cosmetic injectables are so great that any practitioner¹³ who does this should be considered guilty of a criminal offence and nothing less."

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