US Defence Secretary Robert Gates has announced a $78bn (£50.3bn) military budget cut, to be achieved in part by scrapping² a $14bn amphibious vehicle.

美国国防部长罗伯特·盖茨宣布780亿美元的军费预算削减计划，其中舍弃一项水陆两栖车辆采购就可节省140亿美元。

The cuts over the next five years come in addition to $100bn in internal savings³ already announced.

Those savings will be redirected to other defence programmes, but the new cuts slow growth in the overall budget.

But cuts to weapons programmes are certain to encounter fierce opposition⁴ from members of Congress.

Much of the roughly $178bn in defence cuts will come through reduced administrative⁵ costs, new organisational efficiencies, and slashed⁶（削减） personnel costs, which the defence department called a "vigorous scrub of bureaucratic⁷（官僚的） structures".

The Pentagon's budget is expected to be $553bn in 2012, reflecting roughly 3% growth. After that, growth would slow and would be essentially⁸ flat in 2015 and 2016, the Pentagon said.

Mr Gates said much of the savings would be achieved by eliminating more than 100 general and flag officer positions, more than 200 top civilian⁹ defence positions, by cancelling redundant¹⁰ programmes and through reduced administrative costs.

As much as $100bn in savings would not be sliced from the overall budget, Mr Gates said, but would be reinvested in shipbuilding, missile defence, intelligence, reconnaissance（侦查，勘测） , healthcare for wounded soldiers, and other programmes.

Among the major weapons systems set for the scrap¹ heap（废料堆，垃圾堆） is the amphibious（两栖的） Expeditionary Fighting Vehicle (EFV), made by General Dynamics¹¹ Corporation. In addition, the Pentagon will end an Army surface-to-air missile programme.

Mr Gates has been sceptical about whether large military vehicles, like tanks and EFVs, will continue to be crucial military instruments as engagement in modern warfare¹² changes.

He has previously¹³ said the enemy has developed sophisticated weapons capable of attacking ships waiting close to shore.

Other cost-cutting measures announced by Mr Gates include plans to cut orders for the F-35 joint¹⁴ strike fighter over the next three to five years to compensate¹⁵（赔偿，补偿） for repeated delays in development and testing.

He said he wanted to end the post-9/11 Pentagon's "culture of endless money where cost was rarely a consideration".

The major weapons programmes cuts are likely to encounter opposition from US congressmen and senators in whose constituencies the arms are manufactured.

"I'm not happy," House Armed Services Committee Chairman Howard McKeon told reporters. He said the cuts were greater than defence companies had been expecting.