例题解析1
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子 (第23"~30题，每题1分，共8分)阅读下面这篇短文， 短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项 中为第1—4段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27"--'30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Passage 1
2005年综合C概括大意完成句子考题
 
Estee Lauder Died
     The child of Central European immigrants who created an international cosmetics¹(化妆品) empire and became one of the most influential² women in US, has died on Saturday. Estee Lauder died at her home in Manhattan, New York City, a company spokesman said. She was 97.
     Born in Queens, New York in 1908, Lauder was the daughter of a Hungarian mother and a Czech father.
     Lauder began her business career by selling skincare products developed by her uncle John Schotz, a chemist, to beauty salons(美容院) and hotels. In 1930, she married Joseph Lauder who became her partner. The company, which became known as Estee Lauder, took off after World War II.
     In 1953, the company introduced its first perfume(香水), Youth Dew, the first of a range of fragrances³ that has now grown to more than 70. they include: Aramis, a line of products for men, launched in 1964; and Clinique, a range of odorless (无味的)cosmetics, which followed in 1968.
     By the time she retired⁴ in 1995, Lauder was presiding over a multibillion-dollar enterprise, which now ranks number 349 in the Fortune 500 list of largest US companies. In 1998, she was the only woman to feature in Time magazine’s selection of the 20 most important business geniuses of the last century. There were two secrets to her success: her gift for selling things and her tireless energy and determination never to accept second best.
     Even after her retirement⁵ at the age of 89, Lauder remained closely involved. Beauty, Lauder believed, was the most important thing in life.
     She wrote in her 1985 autobiography⁶, “Estee, a Success Story”: “In a perfect world, we’d all be judged on the sweetness of our souls. But in our less than perfect world, the woman who looks pretty has a distinct advantage and, usually, the last word.”
1.      Paragraph 2 ___.
2. Paragraph 3 ___.
3. Paragraph 4 ___.
4. Paragraph 5 ___.
 
A.      Early career
B.      Childhood
C.      Products
D.      Retirement
E.      Cosmetics Empress
F.      Birth
 
5. Lauder regarded beauty ____.
6. Lauder died ___.
7. Before marriage, she sold products formulated⁷ ___.
8. After retirement, she continued to show her interest ___.
A. at the age of 97
B. as the most important thing in life
C. by John Schotz
D. in 1908
E. in cosmetics
F. on the sweetness of our souls
 
答案与解析:
第一步: 分析文章标题Estee Lauder Died
谁是Estee Lauder?当文章标题内容不太清晰时, 可以结合文章开头句子对文章标题进行进一步的理解.
The child of Central Erropean immigrants who created an international cosmetics(化妆品) empire and became one of the most influential women in US, has died on Saturday. Estee Lauder died at her home in Manhattan, New York City, a company spokesman said. She was 97. 划线句中并没有提供关于“Estee Lauder是什么样的一个人”的更多的信息， 所以注意划线句的前后句， 划线句的前句说：The child of Central European immigrants who created an international cosmetics(化妆品) empire （定语从句： 她建立了国际化妆品帝国）and became one of the most influential women in US, has died on Saturday. 因此， 我们知道Estee Lauder是在对美国化妆品事业作出杰出贡献的一个很有影响的妇女。
结合文章标题Estee Lauder Died判断， 这篇文章很可能将会对Estee Lauder这个人的一生及其对化妆品事业所作的贡献进行介绍.
解题第2步：结合文章主题（文章标题所揭示的内容）分析概括大意被选项之间的关系。
A．Early career
B．Childhood
C．Products
D．Retirement
E．Cosmetics Empress
F．Birth
选项F， B， A，D (birth – childhood—early career -- retirement)恰巧就组成了对人的一生描述的主线索，因此它们中出答案的可能性很大；
选项E从语意上看正是对Estee Lauder在事业上所作出的成绩的概括， 所以E是答案的可能性很大。
C暂时看起来成为答案的可能性较小。
 
第3步： 直接解题， 在解题中注意各种解题技巧的巧妙运用。
A．Early career
B．Childhood
C．Products
D．Retirement
E．Cosmetics Empress
F．Birth
1．               Paragraph 2 ___.
Born in Queens, New York in 1908, Lauder was the daughter of a Hungarian mother and a Czech father.
1． F。分析：该段就只有一个句子，显然这道题考察考生对与句意的理解，解题思路：抓住句子主干结构， 利用主干结构内容判断句子大意：该句主干结构为”Born in Queens, …. Lauder was the daughter of…”, 该结构说“Lauder在Queens出生， 是…的女儿”, 从这个内容上F(Birth)是答案.
考点: 考察考生对于文章中某个句子句意的理解.
应对措施:抓住句子主干结构, 利用主干结构内容判断句子句意.
A．Early career
B．Childhood
C．Products
D．Retirement
E．Cosmetics Empress
2. Paragraph 3 ___.
Lauder began her business career by selling skincare products developed by her uncle John Schotz, a chemist, to beauty salons(美容院) and hotels. In 1930, she married Joseph Lauder who became her partner. The company, which became known as Estee Lauder, took off after World War II.
2.      A。分析: 前一段讲述Lauder的出生, 这一段很可能该叙述她的童年了, 可是该段第一句就说“Lauder began her business career by selling…(Lauder通过销售…开始了她的职业生涯)”, 这样看来该段可能不是在叙述Lauder的童年， 段落中出现了明显的细节句“In 1930, she married Joseph Lauder ….（在1930年，她嫁给了Joseph Lauder）” ， 该句表明这个该段落肯定不是在叙述Lauder的童年，再结合段首句内容判断A（Early career/早期的职业生涯）是答案。

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