解题思路：结合段首句（段首句是段落主题句的可能性较大）和段落中的细节句（往往提供有关段落主题的重要信息）
 
B．Childhood
C．Products
D．Retirement¹
E．Cosmetics² Empress
3. Paragraph 4 ___.
In 1953, the company introduced its first perfume(香水), Youth Dew, the first of a range of fragrances³（香水） that has now grown to more than 70. they include: Aramis, a line 新品种of products for men, launched in 1964; and Clinique, a range of odorless (无味的)cosmetics, which followed in 1968.
3．Ｃ。　分析：段落中出现了一系列词义相关的词语：first perfume（Youth Dew）（the first of a range of fragrances）， products， Clinique（a range of odorless cosmetics），这些词都是“产品”的代名词，所以判断这段的核心词/主题词是“产品”， 因此C（产品）是答案。
解题思路：借助段落中出现的核心词直接判断段落主题。
 
B．Childhood
D．Retirement
E．Cosmetics Empress
4. Paragraph 5 ___.
By the time she retired⁴ in 1995, Lauder was presiding over a multibillion-dollar enterprise, which now ranks number 349 in the Fortune 500 list of largest US companies. In 1998, she was the only woman to feature in Time magazine’s selection of the 20 most important business geniuses of the last century. There were two secrets to her success: her gift for selling things and her tireless energy and determination never to accept second best.
４．            Ｅ。　分析：段落一开始就提到“By the time she retired in 1995”，因此推测该段可能讲述Lauder的退休情况，段落中也是出现了明显的细节句“In 1998, she was the only woman to feature in Time magazine’s selection of the 20 most important business geniuses of the last century.（1998年，她是唯一一位出现在time杂志所选出的20位上一世纪中最重要的商业天才中的女性）”， 这句 话所具有的含义可以借助句子中黑体结构的含义获得大致的了解。显然这句话是在讲述Lauder的突出成就，而且段落最后一句是在讲述Lauder成功的秘密“There were two secrets to her success（她的成功有两个秘密）”， 因此判断仅仅把“退休”作为这段文字的主题显然是不恰当的，对比剩下的被选项判断E（Cosmetics Empress女皇）最合适（E就是在概括E的成就）。
解题思路：借助段落中细节信息的主要内容判断段落主题。
 
A. at the age of 97
B. as the most important thing in life
C. by John Schotz
D. in 1908
E. in cosmetics
F. on the sweetness of our souls
5. Lauder regarded beauty ____.
5．Ｂ。分析：解题思路1：借助搭配结构：regard…as…/把…看作…, 判断B是答案，而且B 放入空格中句意也很通顺：Lauder把美丽看成是人生最重要的部分。解题思路2：借助原文相关句内容，借助句子中的核心词（宾语）beauty作为答案线索，这样找到答案相关句：
     Lauder began her business career by selling skincare products developed by her uncle John Schotz, a chemist, to beauty salons(美容院) and hotels. 这个句子与问题句的内容无关，　所以接着看后面的句子：Beauty, Lauder believed, was the most important thing in life.　该句说“Lauder相信美丽是生活中最重要的东西”（believe 和regard是近义词）
考点：考察近义词的替换。
 
A. at the age of 97
C. by John Schotz
D. in 1908
E. in cosmetics
F. on the sweetness of our souls
6. Lauder died ___.
６。A. 分析：借助根据空格前的内容（Lauder去世）判断Ａ和Ｄ可能是答案。利用句子中的核心词（died）作为答案线索，这样找到答案相关句：
The child of Central European immigrants who created an international cosmetics(化妆品) empire and became one of the most influential⁵ women in US, has died on Saturday. Estee Lauder died at her home in Manhattan, New York City, a company spokesman said. She was 97.
     Born in Queens, New York in 1908, Lauder was the daughter of a Hungarian mother and a Czech father. 从上面划线结构的内容看出Lauder出生于1908年, 终年97岁, 因此答案是A.
考点:文章中的重要细节
 
C. by John Schotz
D. in 1908
E. in cosmetics
F. on the sweetness of our souls
7. Before marriage, she sold products formulated___.
7. C。分析: 借助句子中的特征结构(时间状语结构) Before marriage作为答案线索, 这样找到答案相关句:
         Lauder began her business career by selling skincare products developed by her uncle John Schotz, a chemist, to beauty salons(美容院) and hotels. In 1930, she married (marriage的家族词)Joseph Lauder who became her partner. 划线句只是提到了Lauder在1930年结婚, 划线句的前一句中出现了被选项C 中提到的John Schotz， 该句中的划线句说“selling skincare products developed by her uncle John Schotz（出售由John Schotz研制的护肤产品）”（formulate和develop是近义词），因此判断C 是答案。
考点：近义词的替换
D. in 1908
E. in cosmetics
F. on the sweetness of our souls
8. After retirement, she continued to show her interest ___.
8． E．分析：该题有两个解题方法：1。借助搭配：interest in sth.(对…感兴趣)， 直接判断E 是答案；2。借助句子中的特征结构（时间状语结构）After retirement作为答案线索，这样找到答案相关句：Even after her retirement at the age of 89, Lauder remained closely involved. Beauty, Lauder believed, was the most important thing in life.划线句说“89岁退休以后，Lauder 仍然紧密地参与其中”，再参看划线句后面的句子，该句说“Beauty, Lauder believed, was the most important thing in life（Lauder相信，美丽是人生中最重要的事情）” ， 根据这句话的含义判断Lauder参与的肯定是“美容业”， 因此判断E 是答案。
 
文章中的长句和难句：
1．By the time she retired in 1995, Lauder was presiding over a multibillion-dollar enterprise, which now ranks number 349 in the Fortune 500 list of largest US companies.
 
2．In 1953, the company introduced its first perfume, Youth Dew, the first of a range of fragrances that has now grown to more than 70.
 
3．“In a perfect world, we’d all be judged on the sweetness of our souls. But in our less than perfect world, the woman who looks pretty has a distinct advantage and, usually, the last word.”
have the last word: 起决定作用
 
Passage 2
2005年卫生C概括大意完成句子考题
Old man myths and realities
 
     When does a middle-aged⁶ man become an old man? Officially, of course, it’s when we reach retirement age. But, as we all know, this is a fairly blunt (生硬的) method of decision making. As life expectancy⁷ (预期寿命) increases, retirements⁸ planning needs to be changed. This is because being an old man today is very different from what was a generation or so ago.
     Sixty-five is the new middle-aged man. These days people are talking about the young-old, that is ages 70 -75, and those over 75 as the old-old. The young-old frequently continue in good health and maintain strong links with friends and family. The old-old have a much higher chance of poor health and social isolation⁹.
     Although men are living longer, there are still more women than old men. This fact alone should arouse interest as to why. Relatively¹⁰ little is actually known about why this is the case or about the experiences of the old man. Sure, we are aware that the old man experiences anxiety, financial problems, loneliness, etc., but that’s really about all we know.
     It is usually believed that old man often complains about their health. In fact, most old man think their health is good even though most are diagnosed with at least one chronic¹¹ illness. The physical health of the old man is strongly affected¹² by their health behavior when they were younger.
 
1.      Paragraph 1 ___.
2.      Paragraph 2 ___.
3.      Paragraph 3 ___.
4.      Paragraph 4 ___.
 
A.      new definitions of the old man
B   Changing concept of the old man
C   health of the old man
D   happy old man and sad old man
E   limited knowledge of the old man’s experiences
F   contempt藐视for the old man
 
5.      Nowadays men generally live longer than ___.
6   A man in his mid-60s is now regarded as ___.
7   More research should be done on the experiences of ___.
8   Most old men consider themselves to be ___.
 
A.      in good health
B   in the past
C. in the wrong
D.  the old man
E   a middle-aged man
F   a young man

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