The UK-based bank was alleged³ to have helped launder¹ money belonging to drug cartels and nations under US sanctions. 

 

Earlier this year HSBC admitted having poor money laundering controls following a US Senate investigation⁴.

 

Last month it announced it had set aside $1.5bn to cover the costs of any settlement or fines.

 

"We accept responsibility for our past mistakes," said HSBC group chief executive Stuart Gulliver.

 

"We have said we are profoundly sorry for them, and we do so again."

 

The bank said it had spent $290m on improving its systems to prevent money laundering and clawed back some bonuses paid to senior executives in the past. 

 

The news followed the announcement of a similar but much smaller settlement with UK-based Standard Chartered bank, which will pay $300m in fines for violating US sanctions.

 

The cases are seen as part of a crackdown on money laundering and sanctions violations⁵ being led by federal government agencies and New York state authorities.

 

Money laundering is the process of disguising the proceeds of crime so that the money cannot be linked to the wrongdoing.

 

Senate criticism

 

The settlement had been widely expected following a report by the US Senate, published earlier this year, that was heavily critical of HSBC's money laundering controls. 

 

The report suggested HSBC accounts in Mexico and the US were being used by drug barons⁶（毒枭） to launder money.

 

It cited examples including the transfer of $7bn between HSBC's Mexican and US subsidiaries between 2007 and 2008, made despite Mexico's reputation as a centre for drug smuggling⁷.

 

It also said HSBC regularly circumvented⁸ restrictions⁹ on dealings with Iran, North Korea, and other states subject to US sanctions.

 

HSBC admitted its money laundering controls were not strong enough following the Senate report. 

 

On Tuesday, the London-based multinational¹⁰ announced it had appointed a former US official to work as its head of financial crime compliance¹¹ - a new position.

 

Bob Werner was previously¹² the head of the US Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) - the agency responsible for enforcing the US sanctions on countries including Iran.

 

He will be responsible for beefing up HSBC's anti-money laundering and sanctions compliance systems.

 

It is unclear what impact the case will have on HSBC's business. The bank is the biggest in Europe by market capitalisation, and made pre-tax profits of $12.7bn for the first six months of 2012.

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