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The Mediterranean1 diet—inspired by the cuisines2 of Spain, Italy and Greece—has been named the best overall diet by US News & World Report for the fourth consecutive3 year.
地中海饮食源自西班牙、意大利和希腊的饮食,连续四年被《美国新闻与世界报道》评为最佳饮食。
《美国新闻与世界报道》创于1933年,是一本曾与《时代周刊》(Time)和《新闻周刊》(Newsweek)齐名的新闻杂志,其每年定期发布的各类排名深受大众关注。
除此之外,地中海饮食还获得了“最佳植物饮食”(the best plant-based diet)和“最佳心脏健康饮食”(the best heart-healthy diet)等称号。
It's generally accepted that the folks in countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea live longer and suffer less than most Americans from cancer and cardiovascular ailments4. The not-so-surprising secret is an active lifestyle, weight control, and a diet low in red meat, sugar and saturated5 fat and high in produce, nuts and other healthful foods.
人们普遍认为,地中海沿岸国家的人们比大多数美国人寿命更长,患癌症和心血管疾病的人数更少。其中的诀窍就是积极的生活方式,控制体重,低红肉、糖和饱和脂肪,高农产品、坚果和其他健康食品的饮食。
地中海饮食所指的并不是一种特殊的饮食计划或饮食过程,而是一种营养学家所推荐的膳食模式。它也并不能代表所有环地中海地区及国家的烹饪方式。
地中海饮食的三个核心分别是高纤、高钙、抗氧化。这种饮食法强调:
High intakes6 of olive oil (as the principal source of fat), vegetables (including leafy green vegetables, onions, garlic, tomatoes and peppers), fresh fruits (consumed as desserts or snacks), cereals (mostly whole grains), nuts and legumes
将橄榄油为主要脂肪来源,大量食用谷物、坚果豆类和蔬菜水果
Moderate intakes of fish and other seafood7, poultry8, eggs, dairy products (principally cheese and yogurt) and red wine
适量食用鱼和海鲜、蛋、家禽及乳制品
Low intakes of red meat and red wine
少量摄入红肉及红酒
2013年,地中海饮食正式被收录至联合国教科文组织的“人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录”(Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity)中。
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