12月6日，在线英语词典网站Dictionary.com宣布“allyship”当选2021年度词汇，该网站表示，这是首个在被其收录同年就当选年度词汇的单词。你知道它的含义吗？

 

The online dictionary defines "allyship" as "the status or role of a person who advocates and actively¹ works for the inclusion of a marginalized or politicized group in all areas of society, not as a member of that group but in solidarity² with its struggle and point of view and under its leadership."

Dictionary.com网站将“allyship（同盟关系）”定义为“支持并积极致力于将某个边缘化群体或政治敏感群体融入社会各个领域的人的身份或角色，这些人不属于群体一员，但为群体的斗争和观点声援，并接受群体领导”。

 

This year, the word was increasingly used in reference to Black and LGBTQ people, Dictionary.com reported, as well as for parents working and handling child care during the pandemic, health care workers, teachers and airline employees.

据Dictionary.com网站报道，今年，“allyship”更多被用来指代黑人和LGBTQ（性少数者）群体，以及在新冠疫情期间边工作边照顾孩子的父母、医护人员、教师和航空公司员工。

 

"Shows of support and advocacy for these groups in 2021 point to ways in which the term allyship is giving name to ever more nuanced ideas of social justice and is increasingly being extended to contexts of support outside of racial, gender³, and sexual identity, such as disability and economic status," Dictionary.com said.

Dictionary.com网站称：“2021年，对这些群体的支持和声援，让allyship成为了更细微细致的社会公平思想的代名词，并越来越多地扩展到支持种族、性别和性别认同之外的情境中，如残疾和经济地位。”

 

The website chose "allyship" based on search trends throughout 2021 as well as the year's "major themes," it said. "Allyship" was one of the top 850 search terms that steered⁴ online users toward the site in 2021, Dictionary.com said, often searched with the word "workplace" as companies publicly pledged to invest in diversity, equity⁵ and inclusion efforts.

该网站基于2021年的搜索趋势和年度“主要话题”选择了“allyship”作为年度词汇。它是2021年网友访问Dictionary.com查询的前850个搜索词之一，通常和“workplace（办公场所）”一同搜索，因为企业公开承诺在保证多样性、公平性和包容性上做出努力。

 

But the word most often searched along with "allyship" was "performative," according to the online reference service. "Performative allyship" describes someone thought to be "'playing the part' of being an ally instead of actually supporting the people they claim to," Dictionary.com said.

但Dictionary.com网站称，最常与“allyship”一起搜索的词是“performative（表演的）”。根据Dictionary.com，“performative allyship（表演型同盟关系）”指被认为是“‘扮演盟友角色’，而并非真正支持其声援群体的人”。

 

Related words also in the running for Dictionary.com's top term were "critical race theory," "burnout" and 'vaccine," the last of which was chosen as Merriam-Webster's Word of the Year.

竞争Dictionary.com年度词汇的其他候选词汇还包括“critical race theory（批判性种族理论）”、“burnout（过度疲劳）”和“vaccine（疫苗）”，“vaccine”当选《韦氏词典》2021年度词汇。

 

"Allyship" was added to Dictionary.com this year, but the first recorded use of its root, "ally," dates back to around 1250-1300, the online dictionary said in a blog post, derived⁶ from the Latin word "alligāre," which means to "bind⁷ together, combine, unite." The word "allyship" has been used since the mid-1800s, Dictionary.com said.

“Allyship”在今年被Dictionary.com网站收录，但该网站在一篇博文中称，其词根“ally”的首次使用可追溯到1250-1300年左右，“ally”源于拉丁语单词“alligāre”，意思是“绑定在一起、合并、联合”。Dictionary.com称，“allyship”一词从19世纪中期开始使用。

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