美国两位学者荣获2011诺贝尔经济奖
文章来源:未知 文章作者:enread 发布时间:2011-10-11 06:37 字体: [ ]  进入论坛
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US academics Thomas Sargent and Christopher Sims have won the 2011 Nobel economics prize.

美国学者托马斯·萨金特和克里斯多夫·西姆斯获得2011年诺贝尔经济奖。

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences cited "their empirical research on cause and effect in the macroeconomy(宏观经济) ".

They had studied how economic policy, such as raising interest rates or cutting taxes, affects macroeconomic variables such as GDP and inflation.

The award's official name is the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel.

It was not part of the original group of awards set out in Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel's 1895 will, but was established by Sweden's central bank, the Riksbank, in 1968.

The five main prizes are in physics, chemistry, medicine, literature and peace.

'Essential methods'

Thomas Sargent, 68, is a professor of economics at New York University.

The academy pointed1 to his work examining the post-World War II era, when many countries initially2 tended to implement3(实施,落实) a high-inflation policy, but eventually introduced systematic4 changes in economic policy and reverted5 to a lower inflation rate.

Christopher Sims, also 68, is a professor of economics and banking6 at Princeton University.

The academy said he had developed a method based on "vector(矢量) autoregression" to analyse how the economy is affected7 by temporary changes in economic policy and other factors - for instance, the effects of an increase in the interest rate set by a central bank.

Prof Sims said: "I think that the methods that I have used and that Tom has developed are essential to finding our way out of this mess."

Peter Diamond, Dale Mortensen and Christopher Pissarides won the 2010 prize for their work on how regulation and policy affects jobs and wages.



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1 pointed Il8zB4     
adj.尖的,直截了当的
参考例句:
  • He gave me a very sharp pointed pencil.他给我一支削得非常尖的铅笔。
  • She wished to show Mrs.John Dashwood by this pointed invitation to her brother.她想通过对达茨伍德夫人提出直截了当的邀请向她的哥哥表示出来。
2 initially 273xZ     
adv.最初,开始
参考例句:
  • The ban was initially opposed by the US.这一禁令首先遭到美国的反对。
  • Feathers initially developed from insect scales.羽毛最初由昆虫的翅瓣演化而来。
3 implement WcdzG     
n.(pl.)工具,器具;vt.实行,实施,执行
参考例句:
  • Don't undertake a project unless you can implement it.不要承担一项计划,除非你能完成这项计划。
  • The best implement for digging a garden is a spade.在花园里挖土的最好工具是铁锹。
4 systematic SqMwo     
adj.有系统的,有计划的,有方法的
参考例句:
  • The way he works isn't very systematic.他的工作不是很有条理。
  • The teacher made a systematic work of teaching.这个教师进行系统的教学工作。
5 reverted 5ac73b57fcce627aea1bfd3f5d01d36c     
恢复( revert的过去式和过去分词 ); 重提; 回到…上; 归还
参考例句:
  • After the settlers left, the area reverted to desert. 早期移民离开之后,这个地区又变成了一片沙漠。
  • After his death the house reverted to its original owner. 他死后房子归还给了原先的主人。
6 banking aySz20     
n.银行业,银行学,金融业
参考例句:
  • John is launching his son on a career in banking.约翰打算让儿子在银行界谋一个新职位。
  • He possesses an extensive knowledge of banking.他具有广博的银行业务知识。
7 affected TzUzg0     
adj.不自然的,假装的
参考例句:
  • She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
  • His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。
TAG标签: economic Nobel US
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