A number of human foods are dangerous to pets. Many of these foods may seem tasty to our pets but can prove deadly if eaten. It can be very tempting1 to offer pets food from the table, but pets should not be given human food unless recommended by your veterinarian.
有些适合人类吃的食物对宠物是有害的。这些食物味道可口，但是宠物吃了以后可能会死亡。人类餐桌上有各种各样充满诱惑的食物，但是给宠物吃之前，最好询问一下兽医。
If you suspect your pet may have eaten a dangerous food, contact your veterinarian immediately. In many cases, early recognition and treatment are critical.
Chocolate, Coffee, and Caffeine
Chocolate contains
theobromine（可可碱）, a chemical that is
toxic2 to dogs in large enough quantities. Chocolate also contains caffeine, which is found in coffee, tea, and certain soft drinks. Different types of chocolate contain different amounts of theobromine and caffeine. For example, dark chocolate and baking chocolate contain more of these compounds than milk chocolate does, so a dog would need to eat more milk chocolate in order to become ill. However, even a few ounces of chocolate can be enough to cause illness in a small dog, so no amount or type of chocolate should be considered “safe” for a dog to eat. Chocolate
toxicity3 can cause
vomiting4,
diarrhea（腹泻）, rapid or irregular heart rate, restlessness, muscle
tremors5, and
seizures6. Death can occur within 24 hours of
ingestion（摄取，咽下）.
Grapes and raisins can cause acute (sudden) kidney failure in cats and dogs. It is unknown what the toxic agent is in these fruits. However, clinical signs can occur within 24 hours of eating and include vomiting, diarrhea, and lethargy (tiredness). Other signs of illness relate to the
eventual8 shutdown of kidney functioning.
Garlic and Onions
Garlic and onions contain chemicals that damage red blood cells in cats and dogs.
Affected9 red blood cells can
rupture10 or lose their ability to carry oxygen effectively. Cooking these foods does not reduce their potential toxicity. Fresh, cooked, and/or powdered garlic and/or onions are commonly found in baby food, which is sometimes given to animals when they are sick, so be sure to read food labels carefully.
Many cases of human food toxicity in pets are accidental. A pet may find and chew on a package of gum or candy, or steal food from a countertop or table. The best way to prevent this is to keep all food items in closed cabinets or in areas that are
inaccessible11 to pets. This may be particularly difficult during the holiday season, when more candy, chocolate, fruit baskets, and other food items are around. During these times, increased vigilance can help prevent pets from finding and eating dangerous foods.
Children should also be taught to never give candy, gum, or other human food items to pets.
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