人在下午比上午更爱撒谎
文章来源:未知 文章作者:enread 发布时间:2013-11-03 02:37 字体: [ ]  进入论坛
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研究显示,人类的天性就是爱撒谎,而且下午比上午更爱撒谎。哈佛大学研究发现,人类每天下午随着身体逐渐疲惫,自控能力也会下降,更容易不由自主地撒谎。
 
People are more likely to lie or cheat during the afternoon because self control diminishes(缩小,减少) during the day, according to researchers.
 
Volunteers taking part in two experiments where they could benefit by cheating were more likely to do so if the tests took place after midday, researchers found. 
 
The findings back up previous studies which have shown that our capacity for self-control declines during the day, due to tiredness and repeatedly making decisions. 
 
Psychologists from Harvard University first showed a group of volunteers various patterns of dots on a computer screen, asking them to decide whether there were more dots on the left or the right hand side. 
 
Instead of being rewarded for getting the answer right, the participants were paid based on which side they chose, earning ten times as much for choosing the right hand side as the left. 
 
People who were tested after midday were significantly more likely to select the right hand side, even if there were clearly more dots on the left, than those who took part during the morning. 
 
In a second test, participants were shown a series of word fragments, such as "--ral" and "e---c--" and asked which words they associated with them. 
 
In morning experiments, participants were more likely to form the words "moral" and "ethical1" while during the afternoon the words "coral" and "effects" were most common. 
 
Further tests conducted online showed that people were more likely to send dishonest messages or claim to have solved an unsolvable problem in the afternoon than the morning. 
 
Writing the Psychological Science journal, the researchers said the difference was particularly pronounced in people with higher ethical standards, who always behaved morally during the morning but slipped during the afternoon. 
 
In contrast, those who were able to "morally disengage", or behave unethically without feeling guilty, were prone2 to cheating whatever the time of day. 
 
Dr Maryam Kouchaki, one of the lead authors, said: "Unfortunately, the most honest people, such as those less likely to morally disengage(脱离,解除), may be the most susceptible3 to the negative consequences associated with the morning morality effect." 
 
The findings could be relevant to organisations who should be more vigilant4 about the behaviour of customers and employees during the afternoon, she added. "Our findings suggest that mere5 time of day can lead to a systematic6 failure of good people to act morally."


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1 ethical diIz4     
adj.伦理的,道德的,合乎道德的
参考例句:
  • It is necessary to get the youth to have a high ethical concept.必须使青年具有高度的道德观念。
  • It was a debate which aroused fervent ethical arguments.那是一场引发强烈的伦理道德争论的辩论。
2 prone 50bzu     
adj.(to)易于…的,很可能…的;俯卧的
参考例句:
  • Some people are prone to jump to hasty conclusions.有些人往往作出轻率的结论。
  • He is prone to lose his temper when people disagree with him.人家一不同意他的意见,他就发脾气。
3 susceptible 4rrw7     
adj.过敏的,敏感的;易动感情的,易受感动的
参考例句:
  • Children are more susceptible than adults.孩子比成人易受感动。
  • We are all susceptible to advertising.我们都易受广告的影响。
4 vigilant ULez2     
adj.警觉的,警戒的,警惕的
参考例句:
  • He has to learn how to remain vigilant through these long nights.他得学会如何在这漫长的黑夜里保持警觉。
  • The dog kept a vigilant guard over the house.这只狗警醒地守护着这所房屋。
5 mere rC1xE     
adj.纯粹的;仅仅,只不过
参考例句:
  • That is a mere repetition of what you said before.那不过是重复了你以前讲的话。
  • It's a mere waste of time waiting any longer.再等下去纯粹是浪费时间。
6 systematic SqMwo     
adj.有系统的,有计划的,有方法的
参考例句:
  • The way he works isn't very systematic.他的工作不是很有条理。
  • The teacher made a systematic work of teaching.这个教师进行系统的教学工作。
TAG标签: People cheat afternoon
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